−
−
+
+
−
−
+
+
1
1
5
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
j
j
i
i
h
h
g
g
f
f
e
e
d
d
c
c
b
b
a
a
DO
+
G
AO
KY-037
PWR
D0
LM393
U1 · KY-037
D1 · red
R1 · 470 Ω
U1 · KY-037
D1 · red
R1 · 470 Ω
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
9
9
10
10
f
f
g
g
h
h
i
i
j
j
MODEL · DC simulation
3.7 mA
0 A
10 pA
5 V
5 V
0 V
2.5 V
5 V
5 V
5 V
0 V
−
+
−
+
−
+
−
+
−
+
−
+
−
+
−
+
−
−
+
+
−
−
+
+
1
1
5
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
j
j
i
i
h
h
g
g
f
f
e
e
d
d
c
c
b
b
a
a
D1 · red
R1 · 470 Ω
U1 · KY-037
U1 · KY-037
D1 · red
R1 · 470 Ω
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
9
9
10
10
f
f
g
g
h
h
i
i
j
j
MODEL · DC simulation
3.7 mA
0 A
10 pA
5 V
5 V
0 V
2.5 V
5 V
5 V
5 V
0 V
−
+
−
+
−
+
−
+
−
+
−
+
−
+
−
+
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